Plasma arc cutting requires higher voltages than welding to start and maintain the arc 200 to 400 volts dc are common, but also uses torches designed with safety. If you are not fully familiar with the principles of operation and safe pract ices for arc welding and cutting equipment, we urge you to read our booklet, precautions and safe practices for arc welding, cutting and gouging, form 52529. In paw the heat source is an arc maintained between a nonconsumable electrode and the workpiece the arc is constricted by a cooled orifice that surrounds the electrode inert gas is supplied separately to the orifice and to a surrounding lowvelocity shielding flow p2. Hello everyone welcome to engineers academy in this video we will learn the process of plasma arc welding process paw welding, its principle, working, equipments used, types. Miller welding system safety quickmanual pdf download. The main characteristics of plasma arc welding paw are stressed in this page. To properly explain how a plasma cutter works, we must begin by answering the basic question what is plasma. The plasma arc process can give neat and accurate cutting. It should help for understanding the differences that make the process unique. It had the advantages over traditional metal against metal cutting of producing no metal chips, giving accurate cuts, and producing a cleaner edge than oxyfuel cutting. Do not permit untrained persons to install, operate, or maintain this equipment. In this part of the series the process fundamentals are described with emphasis being placed on the operating features and the advantages of the many process variants. Plasma arc cutting 1 plasma arc cutting meng 439 dr.
Plasma arc cutting, also referred to as plasma fusion cutting or plasma cutting, is a fabrication process which employs superheated, ionized gas funneled through a plasma torch to heat, melt and, ultimately, cut electrically conductive material into. Welding instruction is provided with carbon steel, stainless steel plate and pipe in all positions using gtaw, smaw, gmaw and fcaw processes along with pac plasma arc cutting and oxyfuel operations. Spectrum 701 processes description air plasma cutting and gouging air plasma cutter om182 701m october 2000 visit our website at. Plasma arc cutting process and equipment considerations twi. The plasmaarc process can give neat and accurate cutting. Oxygen cutting using either an iron powder or chemical flux, gasshielded arc cutting, and plasma cutting shall employ local mechanical exhaust ventilation or other means adequate to remove the fumes generated. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. During the late 1970s, remarkable achievements were made in simplifying the plasma cutting process, which originally was just as complex to use as paw ref. Welding multiple choice questions and answers mcq objective.
Plasma arc cutting is such a simple process you could almost take it out of the box and start using it. Plasma cutting really shines in some niche applications, such as cutting expanded metal, something that is nearly impossible with oxyfuel. The plasma arc process has always been seen as an alternative to the oxyfuel process. The plasma arc welding paw process is a gasshielded process that utilizes a constricted arc between a nonconsumable tungsten electrode and the workpiece. Two distinct operating modes are possible, referred to as meltinmode and keyhole mode. Content introduction keywords plasma arc welding equipment how it works. Plasma arc welding of highperformanceship materials dtic. Finish the cut, release the rigger and then pull the gun away from the work after the arc goes out. View and download hypertherm max43 instruction manual online. Plasma in this sense is a mass of ionized gas which will conduct electricity.
Plasma arc welding process principle, main parts, working. The basic arrangement for a plasma arc cutting torch, similar to the plasma arc welding torch, is shown in figure 1071. The welding power supply then maintains a low current arc inside the torch. The plasma arc welding and cutting process was invented by robert m. It mentions advantages of plasma arc welding cutting and disadvantages of plasma arc welding cutting. The plasma arc cutting process cuts metal by melting a section of metal with a constricted arc. A low current arc between the electrode and the constricting nozzle of the plasma arc torch to ionize the gas and facilitate the start of the welding or plasma cutting arc. It has a freeburning arc, which is unsteady and have a propensity to drift in the low current range. Table of contents safety quickguide page 1 thank you for using miller or hobart arc welding and cut ting equipment. Pdf the plasma arc cutting pac process was developed for difficultto machine.
The transferred arc possesses high energy density and plasma jet velocity. Lanthated electrodes are used for micro plasma welding and for plasma arc cutting figure 4201. A highvelocity jet flow of hot ionized gas melts the metal and then removes the molten material to form a kerf. Protected electrode electrodes figure 1 figure 2 pilot arc figure 3 figure 4 tig weld sample used tig electrode new electrode used plasma electrode simply stated, plasma arc welding paw is a superior variation to tig welding gtaw that encloses the tungsten electrode in a protected environment figure 1. When it comes to plasma arc welding people get confused, there are quite a few things that differentiate the plasma arc cutting and welding now let us see the differences between plasma arc welding and plasma arc cutting. Plasma arc welding paw principle of operation principle of operation principle of operation tig vs. This unit is designed to cut up to 38 steel at a travel speed of 10 inches per minute clean cut when operating on 230v ac power. Plasma welding 17 welding sheet 18 welding plate 20 welding pipes 22 defects in welds 24 the right gas. Understanding the basics of plasma arc cutting and plasma arc gouging will help welding operators be more successful with these techniques. It was also capable of spray coating hardening metals onto other metals. The klutch p400idv dual voltage, 40 amp plasma cutter is intended for use in cutting through steel, stainless steel, aluminum, and other metals. Plasma is then forced through a finebore copper nozzle which constricts the arc. Pass a written test on safety and operating procedures of the plasma arc cutter with 100 percent accuracy.
Pac is a thermal material removal process that is primarily used for cutting thick sections of. Difference between plasma arc cutting and plasma arc. Askaynak, located in turkey, is a supplier and manufacturer of welding consumables, arc welding equipment, plasma and oxyfuel cutting equipment. Pdf the plasma arc cutting pac process was developed for difficulttomachine.
A plasma is a gas which is heated to an extremely high temperature and ionized so that it becomes electrically conductive. Plasmaweldingtips are useful reminders the main characteristics of plasma arc welding paw are stressed in this page that should be useful for the correct exploitation of its specific advantages the first of the plasmaweldingtips is a correct definition of paw it should help for understanding the differences that make the process unique. The transferred arc process produces plasma jets of high. Em 38511 30 nov 14 section 10 table of contents section. Plasma arc processing of metals and alloys cutting, welding, overlaying and spraying is highly efficient and there is a wide area of applications for the process. When you have completed your cut, close the valve on the gas cylinders and operate the gun trigger to release the gas pressure. Pdf developments in plasma arc cutting pac of steel alloys. This process was unique because it could do precision cutting on both thick and thin metal. Plasma arc cutting is a process in which an electronic arc ionizes a gas, creating a superheated plasma arc column used to cut ferrous and nonferrous metal alloys. Plasma arc cutting weld guru welding guide, resources. Plasma arc welding is a precise process, the slightest variations in front end part tolerances will result in poor weld quality, premature torch body failure and other problems that cost you money. Similar to gtaw tig, the plasma arc welding process uses this plasma to transfer an electric arc to a work piece. P80 p80 panasonic roller guide wheel spacer fit pilot arc starting.
Plasma passes through a constricting fine bore nozzle, creating a high velocity, hightemperature jet of plasma that transfers the arc to the workpiece, melting away material to form the kerf. The principles are basically the same as in plasmaarc welding, but the force of the plasma column is increased by higher gas flow through the nozzle and a higher power output. In this unit you will be introduced to plasma arc cutting and the safety precautions required when using plasma arc cutting equipment. However, by positioning the electrode within the body of the torch, the plasma arc can be separated from the shielding gas envelope. Ppt plasma arc cutting powerpoint presentation free to. In its simplest terms, plasma is the fourth state of matter. Pac, plasma arc cutting is a thermal material riddance process that is chiefly used for cutting bulky sections of electrically conducive materials. The plasma is sufficiently hot to melt the metal being cut and moves sufficiently fast to blow molten metal away from the. The first of the plasmaweldingtips is a correct definition of paw. Gouging is particularly useful in shipbuilding for cleaning out the backs of welds to expose clean metal prior to depositing a weld back run. Plasma arc welding is a superior edition of the tungsten inert gas welding process.
Oxygas and other cuttingwelding processes unit objective. Plasma cutting grew out of plasma welding in the 1960s, and emerged as a very productive way to cut sheet metal and plate in the 1980s. Welding technologies cuttingwelding processes unit objective. However, as with any piece of equipment you need to know how and why. Unit ii oxygas and other cutting welding processes. Module 2 thermal processes unit 1 introduction to thermal processes and safety unit 2 introduction to oxyacetylene welding unit 3. Plasma arc welding is a liquid state welding process. Plasma arc gouging pag this booklet contains guidelines on the safe handling and operation of electric welding and cutting equipment. And, compared to mechanical mean of cutting, plasma cutting is typically much faster, and can easily make nonlinear cuts. Competencies given a properly adjusted plasma arc cutter, accessories, instruction and demonstration of use, each student will be able to.
Early plasma cutters were large, somewhat slow and expensive and, therefore, tended to be. Advantages and disadvantages of plasma arc welding,cutting. The process was unique in that it could achieve precision cutting and welding on both thin and thick metals. Welding health and safety ss832 march 2015 page 5 carbon arc cutting arc gouging is an arc cutting process in which metals to be cut are melted by the heat of a carbon arc.
A plasma arc cutting machine cutting the internal sections of a metal part. The plasma arc welding process has been evaluated for use in the fabri cation of. Stainless steel gtaw, gmaw and shieldedmetal arc welding. The objective of this work is to study the effects of plasma arc cutting process parameters on hazheat affected zone and bevel angle for low carbon steel 1010 material with thickness 4 mm, which.
Eye and face protection for welding and cutting operations. The figure depicts how one matter is obtained from the other and vice. Migmag welding 30 flux cored electrodes 33 tig welding 34 oxyfuel gas cutting 37 plasma cutting 44 safety always 46 conversion data inside back cover air products welders handbook. Even a slight deviation from this condition can cause incomplete fusion defects in the weld metal.
That should be useful for the correct exploitation of its specific advantages. Welding technologies welding technology program prepares students for a career in welding through handson, realworld welding training. Ppt plasma arc welding powerpoint presentation free to. Avoid plasma arc cutting use in areas which house chlorinated solvents and cleaners. Pdf experimental investigation of the plasma arc cutting. Over the next few decades, this new technology underwent refinements, including the restriction of the. Welding, cutting, and allied processes supersedes ansi z49. This page covers advantages and disadvantages of plasma arc welding and arc cutting.
Handy plasma 125 these instructions are for experienced operators. As shown in the figure, there are four types of matter solid, liquid, gas and plasma. Matter changes from one state to the other through the introduction of energy, such as heat. The superheated plasma jet is focused through a constricted orifice or tip, which directs the arc to the work piece. Arczone delivers the parts you need, when you need them. The principles are basically the same as in plasma arc welding, but the force of the plasma column is increased by higher gas flow through the nozzle and a higher power output. Page 1 safety quickguide for arc welding and cutting safe way. The metal to be welded is melted by the intense heat of the arc and fuses together. However, as with any piece of equipment you need to know how and why it does what it does and the necessary precautions to do the job safely. Jul 11, 2014 welding technology ii, 71114, page 1 of 3 indiana department of education academic standards course framework welding technology ii welding technology ii includes classroom and laboratory experiences that develop a variety of skills in gas metal arc welding, flux cored arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, plasma cutting and carbon arc. One example was the spray coating of the turbine blades of. Page 8 safety quickguide page 7 electric shock from torch or wiring can kill. It mentions advantages of plasma arc weldingcutting and disadvantages of plasma arc weldingcutting. Plasmaweldingtips for correct selection and application.
The plasma arc cutting process is illustrated in fig. Here in this paper we are going to study components, working principle, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of plasma arc welding. Plasma arc welding paw less than 20 20100 100400 400800 6 8 10 11 6 to 8 10 12 14 plasma arc cutting pac less than 20 2040 4060 6080 80300. Plasma arc cutting an overview sciencedirect topics. The the plasma arc welding paw and cutting process was invented by robert m. Turn off the machine and hang up the gun and cables and unplug the cord. Welding technology ii, 71114, page 1 of 3 indiana department of education academic standards course framework welding technology ii welding technology ii includes classroom and laboratory experiences that develop a variety of skills in gas metal arc welding, flux cored arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding, plasma cutting and carbon. A guide to plasma cutting, oxyacetylene, arc, mig and tig welding, revised and updated finch, richard on. An electrode is connected to the negative terminal of a dc supply and a gas shield is supplied for the arc from a nozzle which has a bore less than the natural diameter of the arc. Students will apply principles of oxygas cutting and welding and other processes, such as air carbonarc cutting and plasmaarc cutting, by using the equipment to perform welds and cuts, identifying welding and cutting equipment, and answering questions about related equipment and. Recommended practices for plasmaarc welding prepared by aws arc welding and arc cutting committee under the direction of aws technical activities committee jay bland technical director american welding society, inc. Observation of the keyhole during plasma arc welding. We work with your production team, tool crib manager or welding engineers to ensure easy. Plasma arc cutting process and equipment considerations.
This is a method for cutting or removing metal by melting it with an electric arc and then blowing. Difference between plasma arc cutting and plasma arc welding. A guide to plasma cutting, oxyacetylene, arc, mig and tig welding, revised and updated. An arc cutting process that uses a constricted arc and removes the molten metal with a highvelocity jet of ionized gas issuing from the. Plasma arc cutting, which was developed 20 years ago for the cutting of stainless steel and aluminum, is now being widely accepted in industry as a highspeed, quality performance tool for processing carbon steel up to 112.
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